![]() ESCs and EpiSCs) are interchangeable under specific conditions. These two states of pluripotent stem cells (i.e. In vitro, the counterparts of primed epiblasts are termed epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), which are functionally and morphologically distinct from ESCs. Soon after implantation, epiblasts become primed for lineage specification. The pre-implantation mouse epiblasts obtained from blastocysts have the ground-state naïve pluripotency that can be recapitulated in vitro in the form of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In vivo, fertilized mammalian eggs undergo multiple cleavage divisions and form blastocysts (Fig. However, most existing protocols suffer from low efficiency and functional deficiency. ![]() hPSCs can be used to generate diverse cell-types from all three germ layers using different differentiation protocols. These features of hPSCs have provided remarkable promise in developmental biology and regenerative medicine. hPSCs have the capacity of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. derived human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) from human blastocysts for the first time in 1998. Our single-cell analysis reveals the cellular-state landscape of hPSC early differentiation, offering new insights that can be harnessed for optimization of differentiation protocols. Functionally, naïve-like H9 show higher potency for differentiation into hematopoietic lineages than primed cells. We find that genes related to hemogenic endothelium development are enriched in naïve-like H9. We further reprogram primed H9 cells into naïve-like H9 cells to study the cellular-state transition process. Through pseudotime analysis, we construct the developmental trajectories of these progenitor cells and reveal the gene expression dynamics in the process of cell differentiation. We present a cellular-state landscape for hPSC early differentiation that covers multiple cellular lineages, including neural, muscle, endothelial, stromal, liver, and epithelial cells. We use high throughput single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), based on optimized microfluidic circuits, to profile early differentiation lineages in the human embryoid body system. However, a comprehensive single-cell level differentiation roadmap for hPSCs has not been achieved. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide powerful models for studying cellular differentiations and unlimited sources of cells for regenerative medicine.
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